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Before H, in the oxygen converter steelmaking, the top-blown oxygen converter steelmaking capacity accounted for about 90%, and stagnation(fused alumina); the bottom-blown oxygen converter steelmaking capacity was about 8%, but it has developed rapidly and has been put into industrial production(120 grit aluminum oxide blasting media). The bottom-blown converter steelmaking method developed by West German Maxim Steel Plant is called OBM method.

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There are about 75 bottom-blown converters with a maximum capacity of 250 tons(glass beads manufacturers), and there are nearly 10 others planned, with a total production capacity of about 50.8 million tons. It was named Q-BOP method; three companies such as France joined forces The bottom-blown converter steelmaking method developed is called LWS method(silicon carbide grit). Meiyuan introduced this method and modified it to make low-phosphorus molten iron.

Among them, China has 51 oxygen converters with a maximum furnace capacity of 150 tons and a steel production capacity of about 10 million tons(white fused alumina). Bottom blowing oxygen converter steelmaking method was developed at the end of sixty years on the basis of Thomas converter(steel shot abrasive). It can smelt high phosphorus or low phosphorus hot metal, and its lining life is more than double that of Torius converter. 

The main feature of the bottom-blown oxygen converter is that the height-to-diameter ratio of the furnace body is approximately equal to 1, that is, it is round and simple(garnet abrasive price); and can also smelt low alloy steel and stainless steel The metal recovery rate is also 1 ~ 3% higher(aluminum oxide blast media); industrial pure oxygen is supplied through multiple oxygen nozzles at the bottom of the furnace, and the LWS method uses steam or fuel oil.

The oxygen nozzle is composed of two concentric tubes, the inner tube is vented with oxygen, and it can carry lime powder and other additives(white aluminum oxide). The OBM method uses propane or other hydrocarbons as protective agents, On the basis of the LD steelmaking method, fully stirred in the molten pool(1200 grit aluminum oxide). The above steelmaking methods are called LD-AB method, LD-KG method, LD- OTB method and LD-CB method etc.

With the development of oxygen converter steelmaking, it has caused tremendous changes in the composition and structure of the refractory industry(glass bead abrasive). Compared with the LD steelmaking method, the bottom-blown oxygen converter steelmaking method is stable in blowing, and has good dephosphorization and desulfurization effects, and the protective agent is passed between the two tubes(aluminum oxide sandblasting media). 

It is easy to cure low-carbon or ultra-low-phosphorus steel(white corundum), due to the low workshop, the capital construction cost can be saved by 8-18%; the unit consumption of slag making agent and oxygen is low, the operation is convenient, and the hit rate is high. The production cost is low, the cost per ton of steel in the United States has been reduced by 1.5 to 3.0 US dollars(corundum sand), and that in Japan has been reduced by 500 to 1,000 yen.

In China, in addition to actively improving and improving the top-blown oxygen converter steelmaking system and level(silicon carbide price), the steelmaking plant should be reformed or built as soon as possible, and the bottom-blown oxygen converter steelmaking method should be properly adopted to catch up with the world's advanced level(120 grit aluminum oxide). These bricks are also used in special parts of low gas converters, and have achieved good results.

In the 1980s, metallurgical workers from all over the world absorbed the advantages of the top-blown and bottom-blown oxygen converter steelmaking methods(arc fused alumina), and developed the top-bottom simultaneous chlorine-blown converter steelmaking method, such as the LD-OB method developed by Japan Nippon Steel Corporation(100 grit aluminum oxide); argon, nitrogen and CO2 are blown from the bottom of the furnace, or mixed with oxygen separately.