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Oxygen converters in Japan and other countries are also lined up with flames, and they are also supplemented by flame method, which also achieves good results(white fused alumina). However, in the initial stage of oxygen blowing, due to the sharp increase in the amount of molten dust in the furnace, the furnace temperature rises, the service conditions of the furnace lining deteriorate(black silicon carbide), especially the furnace roof damage is intensified, and the life is shortened. 

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It was successfully developed by F. Martin and P. Martin, and was used in steelmaking production in 1865, so the open hearth furnace is also called Martin furnace(pink aluminum oxide). Countries with more open hearth steel production now include the Soviet Union, China, the United States, Poland, Spain, Canada, and India(aluminum oxide abrasive). In 1955, the output of open hearth steel in the United States accounted for 90.3% of the total steel output, that is, the open hearth reached its peak.

Since the advent of the oxygen converter steelmaking method in the early 1950s(white aluminum oxide), it has shown incomparable superiority, and the continuous increase in production has caused the proportion of open hearth steel to decline year by year and may be eliminated. The Soviet Union Danov Iric Steel Plant was the first to carry out flame spraying on a large oxygen converter(aluminum oxide grit). The thickness of the spraying layer can reach about 10 mm, and the service life of the lining increased from 304 to 708.

Around 1950, the output of open hearth steel in the world accounted for about 80% of the total steel output(silicon carbide abrasive). The open hearth steelmaking method has been maintained above other methods in the beginning of this century, and has developed very rapidly. The flame blast repair converter lining was successfully developed by the Soviet Union(synthetic corundum). The Soviet Union's open hearth steel output in 980 was about 90 million tons, ranking first in the world.

Open hearth furnace is a smelting reverberatory furnace without regenerator(white corundum). The spray gun used for flame spraying can be moved up and down or rotated, and can be sprayed on the entire lining or part of the furnace. It should be pointed out that open hearth steel still occupies a certain proportion in the world's steel production, which accounted for about 25% in 1978 and still accounts for about 20% at present(emery abrasive). Such spray repaired lining can generally use 13 times.

Japan has ended the history of open steelmaking, and the last open hearth was shut down at the end of 1977(green silicon carbide); the proportion of open hearth steel in France is also very small, accounting for only 0.9% of the total steel production in 180 years. While these countries are vigorously developing oxygen converter steelmaking, they have also undergone technical transformation of the open hearth furnace(120 grit aluminum oxide harbor freight). The main measure is the use of oxygen blowing technology.

There are three methods for blowing oxygen in open hearth furnaces: inserting an oxygen lance from the top of the furnace to blow oxygen into the molten pool(brown fused alumina price), which is called an oxygen top blowing open hearth furnace; Oxygen method (ie Koff method) or oxygen bottom blowing open hearth furnace; suitable for blowing oxygen to transform furnace type(aluminum oxide blasting abrasive), the slag and metal splashing are serious, namely developing double bed open hearth furnace.

The maximum capacity of the open hearth furnace is 200 tons and there are 6 in total(black aluminum oxide). There are 13 double open hearths. In 1966, the amount of oxygen used in the open hearth was 24.4 m / ton steel, in 1973 it was 50.2 m / ton steel, and recently reached about 70 m / ton steel(80 grit aluminum oxide blasting media). Generally speaking, after adopting oxygen blowing measures in the open hearth furnace, the output is doubled and the fuel consumption is significantly reduced.